Name a disease prevented by vaccination and its vaccine.

• A. Measles prevented by the measles vaccine.
• B. Diabetes prevented by insulin therapy.
• C. Hypertension prevented by medication.
• D. Obesity prevented by exercise.

Answer: (A)

Vaccination trains the immune system to recognize and fight a specific pathogen before illness can occur. Measles is an infectious disease that can be prevented this way. The measles vaccine prompts the body to build immunity to the measles virus, so exposure is likely to be avoided or result in a milder disease. This makes it the correct pairing, because it directly connects an infectious disease with its preventive vaccine. The other options involve conditions not prevented by vaccines—diabetes is managed with insulin therapy, hypertension with medications, and obesity with lifestyle changes—so they don’t fit the concept of a disease prevented by vaccination.